The tooth fairy is a welcome guest for any child who has lost a tooth. Not only will the fairy leave a small gift under the child’s pillow, but they be assured of a replacement tooth in a few months. Unfortunately, the scenario is quite different for adults grappling with a loss of teeth. Luckily, there may be some hope thanks to a new study performed by scientists at Kyoto University and the University of Fukui.
A dental breakthrough
While the typical adult mouth houses 32 teeth, approximately 1% of the population exhibits variations of them, either possessing more or fewer teeth due to congenital conditions. Researchers have delved into the genetic factors behind cases of excessive teeth, seeking valuable insights into the potential regeneration of teeth in adults. This study is the first to show that monoclonal antibodies can help regrow teeth. It suggests a new way to treat a dental problem that currently requires implants and other artificial solutions.
A bit of science
The research team disclosed that an antibody targeting a specific gene, known as uterine sensitization-associated gene-1 (USAG-1), can induce tooth development in mice affected by tooth agenesis, a congenital condition. The findings were published in the journal, Science Advances.
As per Katsu Takahashi, a senior lecturer at the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine and one of the principal contributors to the study, the essential molecules crucial for the development of teeth have already been pinpointed. “The morphogenesis of individual teeth depends on the interactions of several molecules including BMP, or bone morphogenetic protein, and Wnt signaling,” says Takahashi.
On April 13, 2021, the University of Kyoto posted its first pic of newly-grown teeth in mice.
BMP and Wnt are involved in more than just tooth development; they affect the growth of organs and tissues early in the body’s development. Because drugs affecting them directly might have broad side effects, scientists are cautious. To find a potentially safer method, researchers focused on the gene USAG-1, thinking that aiming at factors countering BMP and Wnt specifically in tooth development could be more precise.
“We knew that suppressing USAG-1 benefits tooth growth. What we did not know was whether it would be enough,” added Takahashi.
The first results
Scientists looked at how different monoclonal antibodies affect USAG-1. Monoclonal antibodies are often used to treat things like cancer and arthritis and for making vaccines. Tests with this antibody showed that BMP signaling is crucial for deciding the number of teeth in mice. Also, just one treatment was enough to grow a whole tooth. Further tests confirmed these positive results in ferrets too.
“Ferrets are diphyodont animals with similar dental patterns to humans. Our next plan is to test the antibodies on other animals, such as pigs and dogs,” explained Takahashi.
Fully regrown frontal teeth in ferrets
The next steps
Now, scientists are going to test the drug on healthy adults. If that goes well, the team plans to try it on kids aged 2 to 6 with a rare tooth problem called anodontia, a genetic disorder defined as the absence of all teeth. These kids will get one shot of the drug to see if it makes their teeth grow. If everything works out, the medicine might be approved by 2030.
Takahashi sees the new medicine as an additional choice for individuals who are missing some or all of their teeth.
“The idea of growing new teeth is every dentist’s dream,” Takahashi told the Japanese newspaper, The Mainichi in June this year. “I’ve been working on this since I was a graduate student. I was confident I’d be able to make it happen.”
So hopefully, by the year 2030, humans will get a chance to have their third generation of teeth grown and say goodbye to implants. Until then, make sure to keep your teeth strong and healthy — this article will help you with that.
Preview photo credit KyotoU_News / Twitter
I’m blindsided by this!
Rinsing rice before cooking is one of those kitchen debates that has people split down the middle. For many, it’s as automatic as preheating an oven before baking. But for others, skipping this step is a matter of tradition, convenience, or simply a belief that it’s unnecessary. When it comes to rice, opinions run deep, and the topic of whether rinsing is truly essential has sparked countless conversations, like the one about a mother-in-law who cooked rice without rinsing it, leaving her family hesitant to eat it. So, is rinsing rice a non-negotiable step?
Why Rinsing Rice Feels Like a Must for Many
For those who swear by rinsing rice, it’s not just a chore—it’s an essential part of the cooking process. The primary reason? Cleanliness. Rinsing removes excess starch, which can make the rice overly sticky or gummy when cooked. It also helps get rid of any dust, debris, or impurities that might have clung to the rice during packaging and transport.
Another reason is texture. Fluffy rice with distinct grains often requires rinsing to eliminate the surface starch that causes clumping. This is especially important for dishes like pilafs or fried rice, where individual grains are key to the dish’s appeal.
But for some, rinsing rice isn’t just about function—it’s about honoring culinary traditions passed down for generations.
Why Some People Don’t Rinse Their Rice
On the flip side, there are plenty of households where rinsing rice isn’t part of the routine. Why? One reason could be cultural traditions. In certain cuisines, rice preparation doesn’t emphasize rinsing, especially when dealing with enriched or fortified rice.
Modern rice processing methods also play a role. Many people believe that rice sold today is already clean and doesn’t need an additional rinse. Some even argue that rinsing enriched rice removes the nutrients that are added during fortification, which defeats the purpose of choosing fortified grains in the first place.
Convenience is another factor. Let’s face it: rinsing rice can feel like an extra step, especially on busy nights when you’re just trying to get dinner on the table.
The Science of Rinsing: What’s Really Happening?
Here’s where things get technical. Rinsing rice serves two main purposes: removing starch and clearing away impurities.
- Excess starch: When rice is milled, grains can rub against each other, creating a fine layer of starch. If you cook rice without rinsing, that starch dissolves into the water and creates a gummy texture. While this stickiness might work for sushi or risotto, it’s less ideal for fluffy basmati or jasmine rice.
- Impurities and residues: Depending on where and how the rice is processed, there may be traces of dust, pesticides, or other residues on the grains. Rinsing helps wash these away, providing peace of mind, especially for those who prioritize cleanliness in food preparation.
For those who skip rinsing, pre-packaged rice types like parboiled or pre-washed varieties might be the go-to choice, as these are less likely to contain impurities.
The Health Concerns: Is It Unsafe Not to Rinse Rice?
Not rinsing rice isn’t inherently dangerous, but it could carry some minor risks. While most commercial rice is processed in hygienic conditions, traces of dust, dirt, or even pesticides can sometimes remain on the grains.
For families, especially those with young children, the idea of potential contaminants might be enough reason to rinse. Even if the health risks are minimal, the peace of mind that comes from rinsing rice can make it worth the effort.
Cultural Perspectives on Rinsing Rice
Rinsing rice is deeply rooted in cultural practices, and these traditions shape how rice is prepared around the world.
In many Asian households, rinsing rice is non-negotiable. It’s often done multiple times until the water runs clear, symbolizing care and respect for the food. In Japanese cuisine, for instance, the rice-washing process (referred to as “togiru”) is almost ritualistic.
In contrast, Western cooking practices may not emphasize rinsing as much, especially when using pre-washed or enriched rice. This difference highlights how diverse and adaptable rice preparation can be.
Balancing Convenience, Health, and Tradition
The choice to rinse or not often comes down to personal priorities. Some prioritize the traditions they grew up with, while others focus on saving time or retaining added nutrients.
If you’re torn, consider the type of rice you’re using. Long-grain varieties like basmati or jasmine typically benefit from rinsing for a better texture, while pre-packaged, parboiled, or enriched rice might not require it.
It’s all about striking a balance. For some, rinsing rice is an expression of care and attention to detail. For others, it’s an unnecessary step that adds time to meal prep. Neither approach is “wrong.”
What About the Kids? Parental Concerns About Unrinsed Rice
For parents, the stakes feel higher. After all, feeding your kids means ensuring they get safe, healthy meals. If there’s even a slight chance that unrinsed rice could have impurities, many parents would rather rinse and err on the side of caution.
But beyond safety, there’s an educational aspect. Teaching kids about food preparation—including why rinsing rice is important—can instill good habits and an understanding of food hygiene.
So, Is Rinsing Rice Necessary?
At the end of the day, whether or not you rinse rice comes down to personal preference, cultural background, and the type of rice you’re cooking. If you value fluffiness, cleanliness, and tradition, rinsing is the way to go. If convenience or retaining nutrients in fortified rice matters more to you, skipping it is perfectly fine.
Whatever you decide, the key is to enjoy the meal—and maybe spark a lively conversation about it over dinner. After all, food isn’t just about sustenance; it’s about the stories and traditions we share along the way.
So, whether you’re rinsing rice until the water runs crystal clear or tossing it straight into the pot, the most important thing is to savor the experience.
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